The rules of graphic design are similar to the rules of design in general, but they focus on visual communication as the medium. The principles of graphic design include:
- Contrast: the use of differences in elements such as size, color, and typeface to draw attention and create hierarchy.
- Alignment: the arrangement of elements in relation to a grid or other visual reference point.
- Proximity: the placement of elements in close proximity to create a relationship or grouping.
- Repetition: the repetition of elements such as color, shape, or texture to create a cohesive design.
- Balance: the distribution of visual weight in a design, creating a sense of equilibrium.
- Space: the empty space in a design, which can be used to create a sense of balance and focus attention.
- Typography: the use of type as a design element, including the selection of typefaces, point size, line spacing, and kerning.
- Color theory: the use of color to create meaning and emotion in a design.
- Imagery: the use of photographs, illustrations, and other visual elements to enhance the message of the design.
These principles guide the designer to create effective, clear, and harmonious designs.